Skate Bearings
Skate bearings are donut shaped metal devices that allow a wheel to roll faster and smoother by reducing friction. Unlike the wheels in which they fit into, all bearings have the same dimensions- 8mm (inner diameter), 22mm (outer diameter), and 7mm (width).
Skate bearings are tiny but essential components that enable the wheels to spin smoothly on the axles. Each skateboard wheel contains two bearings, allowing for consistent motion and control. Bearings are placed inside the wheels, sitting on the truck axle. Despite their small size, they play a big role in speed, performance, and comfort.
Skate bearings consist of an outer ring, inner ring, steel balls, a retainer, and two shields. The balls roll between the rings, reducing friction. These components are usually made of steel, but ceramic options exist too. Shields help keep dirt out and lubricant in. Most skate bearings are standardized with an 8 mm bore, 22 mm outer diameter, and 7 mm width.
Skate bearings are measured using the ABEC rating system, which stands for Annular Bearing Engineers Committee. This system rates precision and tolerances in manufacturing. ABEC ratings usually range from 1 to 9. A higher number generally means greater precision and a smoother roll. However, the ABEC system is not specifically made for skateboarding. Some skaters argue that ABEC ratings do not always reflect real-world performance. Many trusted skate brands do not use the ABEC scale at all.
There are two main materials used in bearing construction: **steel and ceramic**. Steel bearings are the most common and affordable. They offer good performance and durability for most skaters. Ceramic bearings are smoother, lighter, and resistant to heat and rust. They require less maintenance and can last longer under the right conditions. However, they are more expensive and less common in beginner setups.
Another variation includes **sealed vs open** bearings. Sealed bearings have protective shields or covers. These help block out dirt and moisture, extending the bearing’s life. Open bearings expose the internal parts, making them easier to clean but more vulnerable to debris. Some skateboarders prefer open bearings for ease of maintenance. Others value sealed bearings for their resilience and lower upkeep.
Over time, some specialty bearings have emerged, tailored for different riding styles. **Speed bearings** prioritize high precision and minimal friction. **All-terrain bearings** are built to handle rough surfaces with more durability. **Swiss-style bearings**, pioneered by Bones, have become a premium choice for serious skaters. While often pricier, they offer reliable performance and extended lifespan.
The history of skateboard bearings traces back to the 1970s. Early skateboard wheels used clay or metal without modern bearings. These early rides were rough, unreliable, and hard to control. The arrival of urethane wheels revolutionized skating, and with them came the adoption of precision bearings. This allowed smoother, faster rides and sharper turns.
As skateboarding evolved, so did bearing technology. In the 1980s and 90s, companies began customizing bearings for skating needs. Bones Bearings, for example, introduced their own rating system and a range of products beyond the ABEC scale. Brands focused on reducing friction, enhancing durability, and improving rider experience. Innovations such as ceramic balls and high-grade lubricants became more common.
Today, most skateboarders can choose from a wide variety of bearings. Whether cruising city streets or grinding rails at the park, the right bearing can make a big difference. Proper maintenance like cleaning and lubrication can also prolong bearing life. Dirty bearings slow you down and make rides feel rough. Regular care ensures they perform at their best.
In summary, skateboard bearings are the unsung heroes beneath every smooth ride. With different types, materials, and ratings available, there’s something for every rider. Their history is closely tied to skateboarding’s growth and innovation. From humble beginnings to high-tech solutions, these tiny parts continue to shape how we roll. So next time you land a clean kickflip, thank your bearings—they’re doing more than you think.
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